diff --git a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/base_pulse.py b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/base_pulse.py
index 7ac78019af4f5d6fbc1895a74af151d938d5423b..5fa0e4789c08aae3383e121daba0cf638934b9d0 100644
--- a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/base_pulse.py
+++ b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/base_pulse.py
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ class pulselib:
def finish_init(self):
# function that finishes the initialisation
+ # TODO rewrite, so this function is embedded in the other ones.
self.uploader = keysight_uploader(self.awg_devices, self.cpp_uploader, self.awg_channels, self.awg_channels_to_physical_locations , self.channel_delays_computed, self.channel_compenstation_limits)
def mk_segment(self):
diff --git a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
index a6df470e4cb779375ab0942df2325f07398f3a3c..5896811de56a42b8d959d803048abc534b1720b0 100644
--- a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
+++ b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class segment_single_IQ(segment_single):
self._last_edit = datetime.datetime.now()
self.ndim = 0
- self.shape = []
self.units = []
self.names = []
diff --git a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_base.py b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_base.py
index fc92ac566080c49d5b4660f7ae1aca7065565f4c..9d63b45e85e15b83543d85ddcf4644fa19efb82f 100644
--- a/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_base.py
+++ b/build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/pulse_lib/segments/segments_base.py
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ class segment_single():
@last_edited
@loop_controller
+
def reset_time(self, time=None, extend_only = False):
'''
resets the time back to zero after a certain point
diff --git a/dist/pulse_lib-1.1-py3.7-linux-x86_64.egg b/dist/pulse_lib-1.1-py3.7-linux-x86_64.egg
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diff --git a/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst.txt b/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b0f93f3b6659dc1558be4db7afae41d2d47de70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+.. _IQ_mod_basics:
+
+IQ modulation
+=============
+
+IQ modulation is a technique used in telecomunications to easily provide a multitude of signals with a controlled phase and frequency.
+This technique is widely used for qubits as it is fully phase coherent.
+
+An example of a signal you want to generate might be:
+
+<< imgae of 2 sinuesses at different times >>
+
+Principle
+^^^^^^^^^
+
+The principle of IQ modulation relies on mixing the I (in-phase) and the Q (quadrature) signal with a carrier. The circuit of an IQ modulator is shown below:
+
+<< image IQ mixer >>
+
+So, if we quickly work out the signal that this circuit generates, we get:
+
+ :math:`I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = A*sin(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi) * cos(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}\left(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) + cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)\right)`
+
+ :math:`Q \otimes MW_b = A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi) * sin(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) - cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi))`
+
+Resulting in:
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi)`
+
+As seen in the outcome, we can easily generate mircowaves of any frequency with any amplide profile. This type of modulation is heavily used when performing single qubit gates. *Tip : always make sure to do not modulate on a frequency of* :math:`\omega = 0` *. This will result in a lot of extra* :math:`\frac{1}{f}` *noise, hence worse qubit performace*
+
+Note that next to going down in frequenncy, it is also possible to go up. In priciple yous just have to invert :math:`\omega \rightarrow -\omega`:
+
+ :math:`I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t - \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = -A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+Which, when mixing with the carrier results in:
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)`
+
+Important note, don't forget that there is noting holding you back from doing:
+
+ :math:`I = \sum_i A_i(t)*cos(\omega_i t + \phi_i)`
+
+ :math:`Q = \sum_i A_i(t)*sin(\omega_i t + \phi_i)`
+
+In this way you can easily generate multiple microwave frequencies at the same know. In the telecom world this is called frequency multiplexing.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst.txt b/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0def40dd44606cbdd3842fc0551c1191bcba7e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_build/html/_sources/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.. _virt_gates:
+
+Virtual Gates
+=============
+
+When working with spin qubits, gates control the interaction between the electrons.
+Often there is cross talk between the gates, e.g. when you change the chemical potential of the first dot with the P1 gate, you would see that the chemical potential of the dots near to the first dot, would also be effected.
+These effect, are classical in nature (-> just capacitance) and can be corrected easily when the capacitaces are known.
+
+
+Defining a virtual gate matrix
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+A virtual gate matrix is a matrix that relates the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages.
+
+ :math:`\begin{pmatrix} P1 \\ P2 \\ P3 \end{pmatrix} = M \begin{pmatrix} vP1 \\ vP2 \\ vP3 \end{pmatrix}`
+
+When there would me no cross effects, this matrix would look like:
+
+ :math:`M = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}`
+
+Which gives a one to one map of the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages. In reality, this will not be the case. First you need to measure the cross capacitances between all the dots. This can for example quite easily by extracted <reference> from charge stablility diagram, but there are also many other methods <references>.
+
+Using the cross capacitances, you can generate the following matrix:
+
+ :math:`M^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} C_{11} & C_{12} & C_{13} \\ C_{21} & C_{22} & C_{23} \\ C_{31} & C_{32} & C_{33} \end{pmatrix}`
+
+Then when you invert is to :math:`m`, you have your virtual gate matrix.
+
+*tip : When contructing the* :math:`M^{-1}` *matrix, it is recommended to normalize each row of this matrix. Otherwise the ratio of real voltage to virtual gate voltage will always change drasically when adding a gate to the matrix. Also the value of the virtual gate will be kind of similar to the real voltage (easier to keep intution with the voltages).*
+
+How does the software deal with virtual gates
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+As seen in the example :ref:`init file<example_init_lib>` you can define both real and virtual channels.
+
+In the example case, we have the channel B0, B1, B2, P1, P2, and their virtual versions, perluded by the v character (note you can call them anyway you like).
+When assinging pulses to these channels, you can add to the real ones and virtual ones at the same time. When rendering the following will be done, e.g. for B0:
+
+ :math:`B_{0,new}(t) = B_0(t) + \sum_i x_i \: vB_i(t) + \sum_i y_i \: vP_i(t)`
+
+Where :math:`x_i` and :math:`y_i` represent parts out of the virtual gate matrix (-> the first row).
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/init_lib.rst.txt b/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/init_lib.rst.txt
index 5c3af3b4380acf315a1a0e68fff9a36b150ba120..e52366a87bda0188fe3dc4057f779abd82bb45f9 100644
--- a/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/init_lib.rst.txt
+++ b/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/init_lib.rst.txt
@@ -7,14 +7,15 @@ Before making a pulse, the pulse library needs to know some stuff from you. The
- QCodes objects of the AWG's (only when using Keysight AWG's)
- Translation of you sample channels names (e.g. barrier gate 1) to the physical location if the set up (e.g. AWG3 channel 4)
- - Virtual gates and virtual gate matrix if needed <reference needed here>
- - Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing IQ modulation <link explaining IQ modulation >
+ - Virtual gates and :ref:`virtual gate matrix<virt_gates>` if needed.
+ - Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing :ref:`IQ modulation<IQ_mod_basics>`
- :ref:`Channels delay's<chan_delay>` (e.g. if not all you coaxes have the same length)
- Which channel need a :ref:`DC offset compenstation<dc_offset_comp>` and what the what the allowed values are.
All these properties are contained in the ``pulselib`` object. Below a complete example is worked out to explaining how to do this.
The source code of the example can be found in ``tutorials/init_pulselib.py`` if you would want to execute it yourselves.
+.. _example_init_lib:
Example : initialization for a two-qubit setup
----------------------------------------------
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst.txt b/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst.txt
index c98fd74f354c8cc40ca6d397bf48ebb2f7472eda..a2a0fd1ddd2031c7d3512e261eb6f748fad5a891 100644
--- a/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst.txt
+++ b/docs/_build/html/_sources/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst.txt
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Before we can make any pulse, we need to ask the ``pulselib`` object for a segme
my_new_pulse_container = pulse.mk_segment()
Where ``my_new_pulse_container`` is of the type ``segment_container``.
-From this object we can now access all the channels. For example, if we want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,
+This is an object that contains the pulses for all channels. Now we can access each channnel and perform operations. For example, if you want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,
.. code-block:: python
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ From this object we can now access all the channels. For example, if we want to
amp = 100 # mV
my_new_pulse_container.P1.add_block(start, stop, amp)
-So if we want to apply operations on gates, we can access them like:
+The syntax for this last line of code goes as follows:
.. code-block:: python
segment_container_obj.my_gate_name.operation_you_want_to_do
-In this case, we have quite a few gates available (defined in the :ref:`init of pulse_lib<init_lib>`). We can check them,
+In this case, there are quite a few gates available (they were defined in the :ref:`init of pulse_lib<init_lib>`). An other way of checking, is just asking the segment_container object,
.. code-block:: python
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ Default operations are (can be extended if needed):
- adding block shaped pulses
- adding ramp's
- adding an arbitrary row of times and voltages that define a pulse shape.
- - add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use a microwave object)
- - counting
+ - add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use an IQ segment)
+ - Repeating segments
- feature possibility add numpy data.
Important operators are:
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ To get intuition what each of this operators does, it is best to try to execute
Segment container operations
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments and allow you to do also some operation on all the segments at the same time.
+As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments of all the channnels. There are also some commands that can be executed on the whole container.
Operations include:
@@ -105,9 +105,3 @@ Operations include:
- reset time : define total_time in all segments as the new time zero.
More on operation can be found in the segment container tutorial.
-
-
-How do virtual gates exactly work here?
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-
-As you
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.html b/docs/_build/html/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..67bd6a525f69d0788e732b6797c964f6e25285aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_build/html/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.html
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+
+
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
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+ <!-- Local TOC -->
+ <div class="local-toc"><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">IQ modulation</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#principle">Principle</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
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+ <div itemprop="articleBody">
+
+ <div class="section" id="iq-modulation">
+<span id="iq-mod-basics"></span><h1>IQ modulation<a class="headerlink" href="#iq-modulation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>IQ modulation is a technique used in telecomunications to easily provide a multitude of signals with a controlled phase and frequency.
+This technique is widely used for qubits as it is fully phase coherent.</p>
+<p>An example of a signal you want to generate might be:</p>
+<p><< imgae of 2 sinuesses at different times >></p>
+<div class="section" id="principle">
+<h2>Principle<a class="headerlink" href="#principle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>The principle of IQ modulation relies on mixing the I (in-phase) and the Q (quadrature) signal with a carrier. The circuit of an IQ modulator is shown below:</p>
+<p><< image IQ mixer >></p>
+<p>So, if we quickly work out the signal that this circuit generates, we get:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = A*sin(\omega t + \phi)\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I \otimes MW_a = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi) * cos(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}\left(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) + cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)\right)\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Q \otimes MW_b = A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi) * sin(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) - cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi))\)</span></p>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p>Resulting in:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi)\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>As seen in the outcome, we can easily generate mircowaves of any frequency with any amplide profile. This type of modulation is heavily used when performing single qubit gates. <em>Tip : always make sure to do not modulate on a frequency of</em> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\omega = 0\)</span> <em>. This will result in a lot of extra</em> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\frac{1}{f}\)</span> <em>noise, hence worse qubit performace</em></p>
+<p>Note that next to going down in frequenncy, it is also possible to go up. In priciple yous just have to invert <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\omega \rightarrow -\omega\)</span>:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t - \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = -A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi)\)</span></p>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p>Which, when mixing with the carrier results in:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>Important note, don’t forget that there is noting holding you back from doing:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(I = \sum_i A_i(t)*cos(\omega_i t + \phi_i)\)</span></p>
+<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Q = \sum_i A_i(t)*sin(\omega_i t + \phi_i)\)</span></p>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p>In this way you can easily generate multiple microwave frequencies at the same know. In the telecom world this is called frequency multiplexing.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+ </div>
+
+ </div>
+ <footer>
+
+
+ <hr/>
+
+ <div role="contentinfo">
+ <p>
+ © Copyright 2019, Stephan Philips
+
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.html b/docs/_build/html/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.html
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+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Virtual Gates</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#defining-a-virtual-gate-matrix">Defining a virtual gate matrix</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#how-does-the-software-deal-with-virtual-gates">How does the software deal with virtual gates</a></li>
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+ <div class="section" id="virtual-gates">
+<span id="virt-gates"></span><h1>Virtual Gates<a class="headerlink" href="#virtual-gates" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<p>When working with spin qubits, gates control the interaction between the electrons.
+Often there is cross talk between the gates, e.g. when you change the chemical potential of the first dot with the P1 gate, you would see that the chemical potential of the dots near to the first dot, would also be effected.
+These effect, are classical in nature (-> just capacitance) and can be corrected easily when the capacitaces are known.</p>
+<div class="section" id="defining-a-virtual-gate-matrix">
+<h2>Defining a virtual gate matrix<a class="headerlink" href="#defining-a-virtual-gate-matrix" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>A virtual gate matrix is a matrix that relates the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\begin{pmatrix} P1 \\ P2 \\ P3 \end{pmatrix} = M \begin{pmatrix} vP1 \\ vP2 \\ vP3 \end{pmatrix}\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>When there would me no cross effects, this matrix would look like:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(M = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>Which gives a one to one map of the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages. In reality, this will not be the case. First you need to measure the cross capacitances between all the dots. This can for example quite easily by extracted <reference> from charge stablility diagram, but there are also many other methods <references>.</p>
+<p>Using the cross capacitances, you can generate the following matrix:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(M^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} C_{11} & C_{12} & C_{13} \\ C_{21} & C_{22} & C_{23} \\ C_{31} & C_{32} & C_{33} \end{pmatrix}\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>Then when you invert is to <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(m\)</span>, you have your virtual gate matrix.</p>
+<p><em>tip : When contructing the</em> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(M^{-1}\)</span> <em>matrix, it is recommended to normalize each row of this matrix. Otherwise the ratio of real voltage to virtual gate voltage will always change drasically when adding a gate to the matrix. Also the value of the virtual gate will be kind of similar to the real voltage (easier to keep intution with the voltages).</em></p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="how-does-the-software-deal-with-virtual-gates">
+<h2>How does the software deal with virtual gates<a class="headerlink" href="#how-does-the-software-deal-with-virtual-gates" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
+<p>As seen in the example <a class="reference internal" href="../tutorials/init_lib.html#example-init-lib"><span class="std std-ref">init file</span></a> you can define both real and virtual channels.</p>
+<p>In the example case, we have the channel B0, B1, B2, P1, P2, and their virtual versions, perluded by the v character (note you can call them anyway you like).
+When assinging pulses to these channels, you can add to the real ones and virtual ones at the same time. When rendering the following will be done, e.g. for B0:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(B_{0,new}(t) = B_0(t) + \sum_i x_i \: vB_i(t) + \sum_i y_i \: vP_i(t)\)</span></div></blockquote>
+<p>Where <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(x_i\)</span> and <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(y_i\)</span> represent parts out of the virtual gate matrix (-> the first row).</p>
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index d7b18ca75ee86f0b1cb1d1f079a8859289ceeec5..0b31325fdb2a5b6c9b845c0289abf43f71a1893d 100644
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@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>QCodes objects of the AWG’s (only when using Keysight AWG’s)</li>
<li>Translation of you sample channels names (e.g. barrier gate 1) to the physical location if the set up (e.g. AWG3 channel 4)</li>
-<li>Virtual gates and virtual gate matrix if needed <reference needed here></li>
-<li>Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing IQ modulation <link explaining IQ modulation ></li>
+<li>Virtual gates and <a class="reference internal" href="../basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.html#virt-gates"><span class="std std-ref">virtual gate matrix</span></a> if needed.</li>
+<li>Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing <a class="reference internal" href="../basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.html#iq-mod-basics"><span class="std std-ref">IQ modulation</span></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="../channel_delays.html#chan-delay"><span class="std std-ref">Channels delay’s</span></a> (e.g. if not all you coaxes have the same length)</li>
<li>Which channel need a <a class="reference internal" href="../basic_things_to_know/DC_offset_s.html#dc-offset-comp"><span class="std std-ref">DC offset compenstation</span></a> and what the what the allowed values are.</li>
</ul>
diff --git a/docs/_build/html/tutorials/simple_pulse.html b/docs/_build/html/tutorials/simple_pulse.html
index 54d0bc3423016a3b480d91a1c0194883e7d6fe03..5acaa5f23d4b7691cc080a42f2da9b5ba2397682 100644
--- a/docs/_build/html/tutorials/simple_pulse.html
+++ b/docs/_build/html/tutorials/simple_pulse.html
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#making-a-segment-container">Making a segment container</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#segment-operations">Segment operations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#segment-container-operations">Segment container operations</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#how-do-virtual-gates-exactly-work-here">How do virtual gates exactly work here?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
@@ -174,18 +173,18 @@ But before checking the examples, it is best to get a grasp of the theory below.
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">my_new_pulse_container</span></code> is of the type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">segment_container</span></code>.
-From this object we can now access all the channels. For example, if we want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,</p>
+This is an object that contains the pulses for all channels. Now we can access each channnel and perform operations. For example, if you want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">start</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="c1"># ns</span>
<span class="n">stop</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">50</span> <span class="c1"># ns</span>
<span class="n">amp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">100</span> <span class="c1"># mV</span>
<span class="n">my_new_pulse_container</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">P1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stop</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">amp</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
-<p>So if we want to apply operations on gates, we can access them like:</p>
+<p>The syntax for this last line of code goes as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">segment_container_obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">my_gate_name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">operation_you_want_to_do</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
-<p>In this case, we have quite a few gates available (defined in the <a class="reference internal" href="init_lib.html#init-lib"><span class="std std-ref">init of pulse_lib</span></a>). We can check them,</p>
+<p>In this case, there are quite a few gates available (they were defined in the <a class="reference internal" href="init_lib.html#init-lib"><span class="std std-ref">init of pulse_lib</span></a>). An other way of checking, is just asking the segment_container object,</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">my_new_pulse_container</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">channels</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">[ 'B0', 'P1', 'B1', 'P2', 'B2',</span>
@@ -211,8 +210,8 @@ The example below shows two waveforms getting counted up (just an extension of t
<li>adding block shaped pulses</li>
<li>adding ramp’s</li>
<li>adding an arbitrary row of times and voltages that define a pulse shape.</li>
-<li>add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use a microwave object)</li>
-<li>counting</li>
+<li>add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use an IQ segment)</li>
+<li>Repeating segments</li>
<li>feature possibility add numpy data.</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
@@ -230,7 +229,7 @@ The example below shows two waveforms getting counted up (just an extension of t
</div>
<div class="section" id="segment-container-operations">
<h3>Segment container operations<a class="headerlink" href="#segment-container-operations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
-<p>As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments and allow you to do also some operation on all the segments at the same time.</p>
+<p>As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments of all the channnels. There are also some commands that can be executed on the whole container.</p>
<p>Operations include:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
@@ -242,10 +241,6 @@ The example below shows two waveforms getting counted up (just an extension of t
</div></blockquote>
<p>More on operation can be found in the segment container tutorial.</p>
</div>
-<div class="section" id="how-do-virtual-gates-exactly-work-here">
-<h3>How do virtual gates exactly work here?<a class="headerlink" href="#how-do-virtual-gates-exactly-work-here" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
-<p>As you</p>
-</div>
</div>
</div>
diff --git a/docs/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst b/docs/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b0f93f3b6659dc1558be4db7afae41d2d47de70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/basic_things_to_know/IQ_mod.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+.. _IQ_mod_basics:
+
+IQ modulation
+=============
+
+IQ modulation is a technique used in telecomunications to easily provide a multitude of signals with a controlled phase and frequency.
+This technique is widely used for qubits as it is fully phase coherent.
+
+An example of a signal you want to generate might be:
+
+<< imgae of 2 sinuesses at different times >>
+
+Principle
+^^^^^^^^^
+
+The principle of IQ modulation relies on mixing the I (in-phase) and the Q (quadrature) signal with a carrier. The circuit of an IQ modulator is shown below:
+
+<< image IQ mixer >>
+
+So, if we quickly work out the signal that this circuit generates, we get:
+
+ :math:`I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = A*sin(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi) * cos(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}\left(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) + cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)\right)`
+
+ :math:`Q \otimes MW_b = A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi) * sin(\omega_c t)= \frac{A(t)}{2}(cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi) - cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi))`
+
+Resulting in:
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega - \omega_c)t + \phi)`
+
+As seen in the outcome, we can easily generate mircowaves of any frequency with any amplide profile. This type of modulation is heavily used when performing single qubit gates. *Tip : always make sure to do not modulate on a frequency of* :math:`\omega = 0` *. This will result in a lot of extra* :math:`\frac{1}{f}` *noise, hence worse qubit performace*
+
+Note that next to going down in frequenncy, it is also possible to go up. In priciple yous just have to invert :math:`\omega \rightarrow -\omega`:
+
+ :math:`I = A(t)*cos(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+ :math:`Q = A(t)*cos(\omega t - \frac{\pi}{2} + \phi) = -A(t)*sin(\omega t + \phi)`
+
+Which, when mixing with the carrier results in:
+
+ :math:`I \otimes MW_a + Q \otimes MW_b = A(t) cos((\omega + \omega_c)t + \phi)`
+
+Important note, don't forget that there is noting holding you back from doing:
+
+ :math:`I = \sum_i A_i(t)*cos(\omega_i t + \phi_i)`
+
+ :math:`Q = \sum_i A_i(t)*sin(\omega_i t + \phi_i)`
+
+In this way you can easily generate multiple microwave frequencies at the same know. In the telecom world this is called frequency multiplexing.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst b/docs/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0def40dd44606cbdd3842fc0551c1191bcba7e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/basic_things_to_know/virtual_gates.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.. _virt_gates:
+
+Virtual Gates
+=============
+
+When working with spin qubits, gates control the interaction between the electrons.
+Often there is cross talk between the gates, e.g. when you change the chemical potential of the first dot with the P1 gate, you would see that the chemical potential of the dots near to the first dot, would also be effected.
+These effect, are classical in nature (-> just capacitance) and can be corrected easily when the capacitaces are known.
+
+
+Defining a virtual gate matrix
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+A virtual gate matrix is a matrix that relates the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages.
+
+ :math:`\begin{pmatrix} P1 \\ P2 \\ P3 \end{pmatrix} = M \begin{pmatrix} vP1 \\ vP2 \\ vP3 \end{pmatrix}`
+
+When there would me no cross effects, this matrix would look like:
+
+ :math:`M = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}`
+
+Which gives a one to one map of the virtual gate voltages to the real voltages. In reality, this will not be the case. First you need to measure the cross capacitances between all the dots. This can for example quite easily by extracted <reference> from charge stablility diagram, but there are also many other methods <references>.
+
+Using the cross capacitances, you can generate the following matrix:
+
+ :math:`M^{-1} = \begin{pmatrix} C_{11} & C_{12} & C_{13} \\ C_{21} & C_{22} & C_{23} \\ C_{31} & C_{32} & C_{33} \end{pmatrix}`
+
+Then when you invert is to :math:`m`, you have your virtual gate matrix.
+
+*tip : When contructing the* :math:`M^{-1}` *matrix, it is recommended to normalize each row of this matrix. Otherwise the ratio of real voltage to virtual gate voltage will always change drasically when adding a gate to the matrix. Also the value of the virtual gate will be kind of similar to the real voltage (easier to keep intution with the voltages).*
+
+How does the software deal with virtual gates
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+As seen in the example :ref:`init file<example_init_lib>` you can define both real and virtual channels.
+
+In the example case, we have the channel B0, B1, B2, P1, P2, and their virtual versions, perluded by the v character (note you can call them anyway you like).
+When assinging pulses to these channels, you can add to the real ones and virtual ones at the same time. When rendering the following will be done, e.g. for B0:
+
+ :math:`B_{0,new}(t) = B_0(t) + \sum_i x_i \: vB_i(t) + \sum_i y_i \: vP_i(t)`
+
+Where :math:`x_i` and :math:`y_i` represent parts out of the virtual gate matrix (-> the first row).
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/tutorials/init_lib.rst b/docs/tutorials/init_lib.rst
index 5c3af3b4380acf315a1a0e68fff9a36b150ba120..e52366a87bda0188fe3dc4057f779abd82bb45f9 100644
--- a/docs/tutorials/init_lib.rst
+++ b/docs/tutorials/init_lib.rst
@@ -7,14 +7,15 @@ Before making a pulse, the pulse library needs to know some stuff from you. The
- QCodes objects of the AWG's (only when using Keysight AWG's)
- Translation of you sample channels names (e.g. barrier gate 1) to the physical location if the set up (e.g. AWG3 channel 4)
- - Virtual gates and virtual gate matrix if needed <reference needed here>
- - Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing IQ modulation <link explaining IQ modulation >
+ - Virtual gates and :ref:`virtual gate matrix<virt_gates>` if needed.
+ - Virtual IQ channels, if you are doing :ref:`IQ modulation<IQ_mod_basics>`
- :ref:`Channels delay's<chan_delay>` (e.g. if not all you coaxes have the same length)
- Which channel need a :ref:`DC offset compenstation<dc_offset_comp>` and what the what the allowed values are.
All these properties are contained in the ``pulselib`` object. Below a complete example is worked out to explaining how to do this.
The source code of the example can be found in ``tutorials/init_pulselib.py`` if you would want to execute it yourselves.
+.. _example_init_lib:
Example : initialization for a two-qubit setup
----------------------------------------------
diff --git a/docs/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst b/docs/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst
index c98fd74f354c8cc40ca6d397bf48ebb2f7472eda..a2a0fd1ddd2031c7d3512e261eb6f748fad5a891 100644
--- a/docs/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst
+++ b/docs/tutorials/simple_pulse.rst
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Before we can make any pulse, we need to ask the ``pulselib`` object for a segme
my_new_pulse_container = pulse.mk_segment()
Where ``my_new_pulse_container`` is of the type ``segment_container``.
-From this object we can now access all the channels. For example, if we want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,
+This is an object that contains the pulses for all channels. Now we can access each channnel and perform operations. For example, if you want to make a block pulse on the plunger gate of dot 1, we can call,
.. code-block:: python
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ From this object we can now access all the channels. For example, if we want to
amp = 100 # mV
my_new_pulse_container.P1.add_block(start, stop, amp)
-So if we want to apply operations on gates, we can access them like:
+The syntax for this last line of code goes as follows:
.. code-block:: python
segment_container_obj.my_gate_name.operation_you_want_to_do
-In this case, we have quite a few gates available (defined in the :ref:`init of pulse_lib<init_lib>`). We can check them,
+In this case, there are quite a few gates available (they were defined in the :ref:`init of pulse_lib<init_lib>`). An other way of checking, is just asking the segment_container object,
.. code-block:: python
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ Default operations are (can be extended if needed):
- adding block shaped pulses
- adding ramp's
- adding an arbitrary row of times and voltages that define a pulse shape.
- - add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use a microwave object)
- - counting
+ - add sinus shaped data (for modulation options, use an IQ segment)
+ - Repeating segments
- feature possibility add numpy data.
Important operators are:
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ To get intuition what each of this operators does, it is best to try to execute
Segment container operations
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments and allow you to do also some operation on all the segments at the same time.
+As mentioned before, this are the containers that contain all the segments of all the channnels. There are also some commands that can be executed on the whole container.
Operations include:
@@ -105,9 +105,3 @@ Operations include:
- reset time : define total_time in all segments as the new time zero.
More on operation can be found in the segment container tutorial.
-
-
-How do virtual gates exactly work here?
-"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
-
-As you
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/__pycache__/example_init.cpython-37.pyc b/examples/__pycache__/example_init.cpython-37.pyc
index 4432402296477aee2f3bcd3b6fcf8d82774e1c18..6cbad69281a926d4594dac603034ddca9997f909 100644
Binary files a/examples/__pycache__/example_init.cpython-37.pyc and b/examples/__pycache__/example_init.cpython-37.pyc differ
diff --git a/examples/example_DC_pulses.py b/examples/example_DC_pulses.py
index 74a7f223537efd4dde5b4b43c265245adc3601fa..78296776db14f81bea5eb761093a9665b6539bcc 100644
--- a/examples/example_DC_pulses.py
+++ b/examples/example_DC_pulses.py
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
from example_init import return_pulse_lib
-pulse = return_pulse_lib()
\ No newline at end of file
+pulse = return_pulse_lib()
+my_new_pulse_container = pulse.mk_segment()
+print(my_new_pulse_container.channels)
+
+start = 10 # ns
+stop = 50 # ns
+amp = 100 # mV
+my_new_pulse_container.P1.add_block(start, stop, amp)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/examples/example_init.py b/examples/example_init.py
index 69dbb36b776b07784b603cdbddbd3583ba4a300f..f87a27b47d2502e84f040882499446a956c76592 100644
--- a/examples/example_init.py
+++ b/examples/example_init.py
@@ -49,8 +49,15 @@ def return_pulse_lib():
'MW_marker': 5
})
+ # add compensation limits
+ pulse.add_channel_compenstation_limits({
+ 'B0': (-500,500),'B1': (-500,500),'B2': (-500,500),
+ 'P1': (-500,500),'P2': (-500,500),
+ })
# finish initialisation (! important if using keysight uploader)
- return pulse.finish_init()
+ pulse.finish_init()
+
+ return pulse
if __name__ == '__main__':
pulse = return_pulse_lib()
\ No newline at end of file
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index 617d548b5f19b3cbcaeff2c1e1049913270b384f..81a55e7dcc85de7af9ff1c7680dda550613c3814 100644
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diff --git a/pulse_lib/segments/__pycache__/segments_base.cpython-37.pyc b/pulse_lib/segments/__pycache__/segments_base.cpython-37.pyc
index e890134f2a8b865c1d9958a11b21494a00377a34..43d7a53ace4fb98eecd6c868a2b207eb13ad037f 100644
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diff --git a/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py b/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
index a6df470e4cb779375ab0942df2325f07398f3a3c..5896811de56a42b8d959d803048abc534b1720b0 100644
--- a/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
+++ b/pulse_lib/segments/segments_IQ.py
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ class segment_single_IQ(segment_single):
self._last_edit = datetime.datetime.now()
self.ndim = 0
- self.shape = []
self.units = []
self.names = []